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Borg Cube
I am currently searching for information on the Borg Cube. For now, here is information on the Borg, themselves.
The Borg are a race of half-human, half-machines which originated in the Delta Quadrant (close to where the USS Voyager is). A Borg's single purpose in life is to try and assimilate the technology and beings of other cultures. The Borg speak as "We" because they are all connected to a collective which controls them in every thought and movement. The Borg travel in different kinds of ships, the most common being the _Borg Cube_ (as seen on several Star Trek: The Next Generation episodes involving the Borg). These ships are heavily armed with the most advanced weaponry, and can easily annihilate ships. Perhaps the most deadly weapon is the cutting beam, in which a tractor beam is locked onto ships until a laser cuts right through shields and hull (as seen in DS9's Premier episode: "Emissary").
In Star Trek: First Contact, we will see that the long process of assimilating a being (as we see in TNG 2 Part Episode "Best of Both Worlds" when Captain Picard is being assimilated) is now shortened to an "instant assimilation" in which the Borg carry around devices which implant into the skull of the "assimilatees" (if that is even a word) causing the face to become full of small grey lines. The process, as you can quite imagine, is extremely painful.
The Borg have changed look since the Next Generation. In the series, the Borg looked more like bald humans wearing a bit of white makeup and a few machine parts. In Star Trek: First Contact, however, the Borg are much better designed. As you can see in the pictures above, our traditional Borg looks completly different. The face of the Borg are different with more machinery-like implants on them and a richer variety in color and shape than the Borg in the Series. We will now also see Borgified Klingons, Bolians, and other species and even some Borgified crewmembers from the Enterprise-E (No names mentioned!)
The Borg are said to have originated by being a race of humanoid lifeforms who eventually became extremely dependant on computers. They became so dependant that they practically lost their humanoid qualities and became mostly machine. As the race of machines, they were constantly searching for new technology in order for them to survive. As soon as the people started to die out because their system parts became overrun and obselete, the Borg felt a desperate need to assimilate more technology to keep them alive. Instead of peaceful relationships between other races, the Borg killed for the technology from other races.
The Borg would live to become an all powerful race of beings in the Delta Quadrant, dreaded by most races dwelling there. The Borg were lead by a Queen who controlled the collective herself in her sadistic ways. With constructions of dreadfully powerful ships such as the Borg Cube, which could also re-generate itself and self-repair, Resistance nearly became Futile.
The "First Contact" (no pun intended) with the Borg happened in Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "Q-Who" when Q (played by John DeLancie) threw the Enterprise-D into the Delta Quadrant where they faced a single Borg Cube. After the Borg Cube locked on a cutting beam to the saucer section of the Enterprise and extracted a piece of it for examination, the Enterprise fired phasers at the cube, destroying nearly 3/4 of it. The ship easily re-generated and fired a new kind of weapon which affected the shields of the Enterprise. Even though the Enterprise fired torpedos at it, the Borg Cube was still in excellent condition and putting up a good fight. Finally, Q gave in and let the Enterprise escape. Unfortunatly, Picard and Crew along with the rest of the Federation wouldn't even start to believe how big a threat the Borg was to them and the human race.
Source: http://www.stuniverse.com/fc/borg.html